How is soil bearing capacity estimated in the field or design phase?

• A. By using only the soil color.
• B. Using tests like standard penetration test (SPT), CBR, plate load tests, or correlations with soil properties (cohesion, friction) in Mohr-Coulomb terms.
• C. Only using grain-size distribution.
• D. Relying on slope stability analysis alone.

Answer: (B)